Depends on how far the pistons are down in the hole to begin with. I found a '74 302 once that the pistons were .055" down, used 289 rods and they stuck out about .010". Ran good, though not worth having it all re-balanced.
Normally early 302s only have a few thousands deck clearance.A 289 rod would put the piston well out of the block.Ford power parts used to make a piston just for this purpose but I don't know if they are still in business.They were also cut for 1.94 and 1.60 valves also.Hope this helps.