Fortunately, it was a cheap lesson for you. I learned that one many years ago removing light surface rust on a finished pair of ported 440 6-pack heads that were poorly stored. The one head didn't pit as bad as your photo - but bad enough.

Well, it became an excuse to get the Stage IV heads. I almost worked a trade of the fresh 440 long block and a complete 428CJ for a compete '71 Hemi, but that fell through at the last minute. So, it remains a bad memory... lol.
David